Singapore

Video snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) captures dynamic scene sequences through a two-dimensional (2D) snapshot, fundamentally relying on optical modulation for hardware compression and the corresponding software reconstruction. While mainstream video SCI using random binary modulation has demonstrated success, it inevitably results in temporal aliasing during compression. One-hot modulation, activating only one sub-frame per pixel, provides a promising solution for achieving perfect temporal decoupling, thereby alleviating issues associated with aliasing. However, no algorithms currently exist to fully exploit this potential. To bridge this gap, we propose an algorithm specifically designed for one-hot masks. First, leveraging the decoupling properties of one-hot modulation, we transform the reconstruction task into a generative video inpainting problem and introduce a stochastic differential equation (SDE) of the forward process that aligns with the hardware compression process. Next, we identify limitations of the pure diffusion method for video SCI and propose a novel framework that combines one-step regression initialization with one-step diffusion refinement. Furthermore, to mitigate the spatial degradation caused by one-hot modulation, we implement a dual optical path at the hardware level, utilizing complementary information from another path to enhance the inpainted video. To our knowledge, this is the first work integrating diffusion into video SCI reconstruction. Experiments conducted on synthetic datasets and real scenes demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

AAAI 2026

3One2: One-Step Regression plus One-Step Diffusion for One-Hot Modulation in Dual-Path Video Snapshot Compressive Imaging

image & video synthesis; cv: image and video retrieval; cv: diffusion models for vision

cv: computational photography

We are pleased to announce the Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), which will be held in Singapore EXPO from January 20 to January 27, 2026.

The purpose of the AAAI conference series is to promote research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foster scientific exchange between researchers, practitioners, scientists, students, and engineers across the entirety of AI and its affiliated disciplines. AAAI-26 will feature technical paper presentations, special tracks, invited speakers, workshops, tutorials, poster sessions, senior member presentations, competitions, and exhibit programs, and a range of other activities to be announced.<br><br>

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We are pleased to announce the Fortieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-26), which will be held in Singapore EXPO from January 20 to January 27, 2026.

poster

Diffusion models have recently shown promise in time series forecasting, particularly for probabilistic predictions. However, they often fail to achieve state-of-the-art point estimation performance compared to regression-based methods. This limitation stems from difficulties in providing sufficient contextual bias to track distribution shifts and in balancing output diversity with the stability and precision required for point forecasts. Existing diffusion-based approaches mainly focus on full-distribution modeling under probabilistic frameworks, often with likelihood maximization objectives, while paying little attention to dedicated strategies for high-accuracy point estimation. Moreover, other existing point prediction diffusion methods frequently rely on pre-trained or jointly trained mature models for contextual bias, sacrificing the generative flexibility of diffusion models.

To address these challenges, we propose SimDiff, a single-stage, end-to-end framework. SimDiff employs a single unified Transformer network carefully tailored to serve as both denoiser and predictor, eliminating the need for external pre-trained or jointly trained regressors. It achieves state-of-the-art point estimation performance by leveraging intrinsic output diversity and improving mean squared error accuracy through multiple inference ensembling. Key innovations, including normalization independence and the median-of-means estimator, further enhance adaptability and stability. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SimDiff significantly outperforms existing methods in time series point forecasting. The implementation is publicly available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/SimDiff-A41D.

SimDiff: Simpler Yet Better Diffusion Model for Time Series Point Forecasting

3D object detection is critical for autonomous driving, yet it remains fundamentally challenging to simultaneously maximize computational
efficiency and capture long-range spatial dependencies.We observed that Mamba-based models, with their linear state-space design,
capture long-range dependencies at lower cost, offering a promising balance between efficiency and accuracy.However, existing methods
rely on axis-aligned scanning within a fixed window, inevitably discarding spatial information. To address this problem, we propose
WinMamba, a novel Mamba-based 3D feature-encoding backbone composed of stacked WinMamba blocks. To enhance the backbone with
robust multi-scale representation, the WinMamba block incorporates a window-scale-adaptive module that compensates voxel features
across varying resolutions during sampling. Meanwhile, to obtain rich contextual cues within the linear state space, we equip the WinMamba
layer with a learnable positional encoding and a window-shift strategy.Extensive experiments on the KITTI and Waymo datasets demonstrate
that WinMamba significantly outperforms the baseline. Ablation studies further validate the individual contributions of the WSF and AWF
modules in improving detection accuracy. The code will be made publicly available.

WinMamba: Multi-Scale Shifted Windows in State Space Model for 3D Object Detection

Watch time is widely used as a proxy for user satisfaction in video recommendation platforms. However, raw watch times are influenced by confounding factors such as video duration, popularity, and individual user behaviors, potentially distorting preference signals and resulting in biased recommendation models. We propose a novel relative advantage debiasing framework that corrects watch time by comparing it to empirically derived reference distributions conditioned on user and item groups. This approach yields a quantile-based preference signal and introduces a two-stage architecture that explicitly separates distribution estimation from preference learning. Additionally, we present distributional embeddings to efficiently parameterize watch-time quantiles without requiring online sampling or storage of historical data. Both offline and online experiments demonstrate significant improvements in recommendation accuracy and robustness compared to existing baseline methods.

Relative Advantage Debiasing for Watch-Time Prediction in Short-Video Recommendation

Despite advancements in Video Large Language Models (Vid-LLMs) improving multimodal understanding, challenges persist in streaming video reasoning due to its reliance on contextual information. Existing paradigms feed all available historical contextual information into Vid-LLMs, resulting in a significant computational burden for visual data processing. Furthermore, the inclusion of irrelevant context distracts models from key details. This paper introduces a challenging task called Context-guided Streaming Video Reasoning (CogStream), which simulates real-world streaming video scenarios, requiring models to identify the most relevant historical contextual information to deduce answers for questions about the current stream. To support CogStream, we present a densely annotated dataset featuring extensive and hierarchical question-answer pairs, generated by a semi-automatic pipeline. Additionally, we present CogReasoner as a baseline model. It effectively tackles this task by leveraging visual stream compression and historical dialogue retrieval. Extensive experiments prove the effectiveness of this method.

CogStream: Context-guided Streaming Video Question Answering

Despite the rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), their capacity for low-level visual perception in underwater environments remains underexplored. To address this gap, we present UQ-Bench, the first systematically designed benchmark for evaluating the ability of MLLMs to perceive and assess underwater image quality at the low-level visual attribute level. UQ-Bench comprises three components: (1) UW-Perception, a dataset of 3,000 underwater images paired with targeted questions on key degradations such as color cast, blur, contrast, and exposure, covering both global and local perceptual dimensions; (2) UW-Describe, a dataset of 500 images with expert-annotated gold-standard descriptions for assessing the accuracy of model-generated text; and (3) UW-Eval, an evaluation protocol employing human mean opinion scores (MOS) for quantitative quality assessment. To ensure rigorous and reproducible benchmarking, we propose a GPT-assisted evaluation framework that aligns model outputs with expert references and enables fine-grained analysis of distortion perception. Experimental results demonstrate that while MLLMs exhibit preliminary competence in underwater low-level visual tasks, they still fall short in capturing subtle degradations and achieving human-level consistency, highlighting the need for further advances in foundation models for marine vision. Both the benchmark and code will be made publicly available.

UQ-Bench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Multimodal LLMs on Underwater Image Quality Assessment

Model robustness indicates a model's capability to generalize well on unforeseen distributional shifts, including data corruptions and adversarial attacks. Data augmentation is one of the most prevalent and effective ways to enhance the robustness. Despite the great success of the diverse augmentations in different fields, a unified theoretical understanding of their efficacy in improving model robustness is lacking. We theoretically reveal a general condition for label-preserving augmentations to bring robustness to diverse distribution shifts through the lens of flat minima and generalization bound, which de facto turns out to be strongly correlated with robustness against different distribution shifts in practice. Unlike most earlier works, our theoretical framework accommodates all the label-preserving augmentations and is not limited to particular distribution shifts. We substantiate our theories through different simulations on the existing common corruption and adversarial robustness benchmarks based on the CIFAR and ImageNet datasets.

A Flat Minima Perspective on Understanding Augmentations and Model Robustness

Point cloud quality assessment (PCQA) is essential for reliable 3D visual applications. While point-based methods face challenges in characterizing distortions due to point cloud disorder, projection-based approaches offer better efficiency but suffer from geometric distortion insensitivity and texture representation blind spots. This study proposes SAF-Net, a multi-view structure-aware feature fusion network for PCQA. We first identify two key limitations in projection-based methods: insufficient geometric distortion perception and representation blind spots (RBS) in texture images. To address these issues, SAF-Net innovatively integrates object mask maps and local binary pattern (LBP) maps. The mask maps enhance geometric distortion perception by extracting edge sharpness and curvature variations, while LBP maps capture essential structural information to overcome RBS and align with human visual system (HVS) sensitivity. SAF-Net employs a hybrid CNN-ViT architecture to balance local feature extraction and global context modeling, along with a progressive fusion strategy to optimize cross-modal feature interaction. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance of SAF-Net on multiple benchmarks, establishing new state-of-the-art results in PCQA.

Point Cloud Quality Assessment via Multi-View Structure-Aware Feature Fusion

We present TrackGS, the first method to integrate global feature tracks with 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) for COLMAP-free novel view synthesis. While 3DGS delivers impressive rendering quality, its reliance on accurate precomputed camera parameters remains a significant limitation. Existing COLMAP-free approaches depend on local constraints that fail in complex scenarios. Our key innovation lies in leveraging feature tracks to establish global geometric constraints, enabling simultaneous optimization of camera parameters and 3D Gaussians. Specifically, we: (1) introduce track-constrained Gaussians that serve as geometric anchors, (2) propose novel 2D and 3D track losses to enforce multi-view consistency, and (3) derive differentiable formulations for camera intrinsics optimization. Extensive experiments on challenging real-world and synthetic datasets demonstrate state-of-the-art performance, with much lower pose error than previous methods while maintaining superior rendering quality. Our approach eliminates the need for COLMAP preprocessing, making 3DGS more accessible for practical applications.

TrackGS: Optimizing COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting with Global Track Constraints

Behavior trees (BTs) are becoming a popular control architecture for robots, featuring modularity, reactivity, and robustness. BT planning, an emerging approach, provides a theoretical guarantee to generate reliable BTs for achieving tasks automatically. However, BT planning assumes that a well-designed BT system has already been grounded, including high-level action models and low-level control policies, which often requires expensive expert knowledge and effort in the specific domain. In this paper, we define the BT grounding problem, where an algorithm needs to automatically construct a complete and consistent BT system for a given task set. We demonstrate a naive algorithm which is sound and complete for solving this problem, but difficult to be implemented due to the exponential complexity. Then, we propose the first framework for efficiently solving the BT grounding problem, named Context-Aware Behavior Tree grOunding (CABTO). CABTO mainly utilizes pre-trained Large Models (LMs) to heuristically search the space of action models and control policies based on the contexts of BT planning and environmental feedback. Experiments on 3 robot manipulation task sets, involving a total of 15 tasks across different scenarios and robots, demonstrate CABTO’s effectiveness and efficiency in generating complete and consistent behavior tree systems.

CABTO: Context-Aware Behavior Tree Grounding for Robot Manipulation

Self-training large language models (LLMs) with generated reasoning paths has emerged as a promising approach to improve performance on complex reasoning tasks. However, most existing methods rely on correctness-based supervision, treating samples that reach the correct answer as high-quality despite potentially flawed intermediate steps, leading to noisy training signals. In this work, we propose K-STaR (Knowledge-aware Self-Taught Reasoner), a self-training framework that verifies reasoning paths through knowledge elicitation and integration as a proxy, without requiring any external reward models or dense step-by-step annotations. K-STaR models reasoning as a structured composition of knowledge units and automatically assigns process rewards to intermediate steps via consistency and frequency analysis, ensuring that only knowledge-grounded reasoning paths are retained. Experiments on mathematical and commonsense reasoning tasks show that K-STaR consistently discovers higher-quality reasoning paths and achieves superior self-training performance compared to prior methods. Our results highlight the importance of moving beyond correctness-centric supervision toward knowledge-grounded self-improvement.

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SimDiff: Simpler Yet Better Diffusion Model for Time Series Point Forecasting

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Self-Supervised One-Step Diffusion Refinement for Snapshot Compressive Imaging

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